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PREFACE:

The objective of theAutomotive Embedded Systems Handbookis to provide a comprehensive overview about existing and future automotive electronic systems.

 The distinctive features of the automotive world in terms of requirements, technologies, and business models are highlighted and state-of-the-art methodological and technical solutions are presented in the following areas:

 • In-vehicle architectures

• Multipartner development processes (subsystem integration, product line management, etc.) 

• Software engineering methods

 • Embedded communications 

• Safety and dependability assessment: 

validation, verification, and testing The book is aimed primarily at automotive engineering professionals, as it can serve as a reference for technical matters outside their field of expertise and at practicing or studying engineers, in general.

 On the other hand, it also targets research scientists, PhD students, and MSc students from the academia as it provides them with a comprehensive introduction to the field and to the main scientific challenges in this domain.

 Over the last 10 years, there has been an exponential increase in the number of computer-based functions embedded in vehicles. Development processes, techniques, and tools have changed to accommodate that evolution.

A whole range of electronic functions, such as navigation, adaptive control, traffic information, traction control, stabilization control, and active safety systems, are implemented in today’s vehicles.

 Many of these new functions are not stand-alone in the sense that they need to exchange information and sometimes with stringent time constraints with other functions.

 For example, the vehicle speed estimated by the engine controller or by wheel rotation sensors needs to be known in order to adapt the steering effort, to control the suspension, or simply to choose the right wiper speed. 

The complexity of the embedded architecture is continually increasing. Today, up to 2500 signals (i.e., elementary information such as the speed of the vehicle) are exchanged through up to 70 electronic control units (ECUs) on five different types of networks.

 One of the main challenges of the automotive industry is to come up with methods and tools to facilitate the integration of different electronic subsystems coming from various suppliers into the vehicle’s global electronic architecture.

 In the last 10 years,several industry-wide projects have been undertaken in that direction (AEE ∗ ,EAST, AUTOSAR, OSEK/VDX, etc.) and significant results have already been achieved (e.g., standard components such as operating systems, networks and middleware, “good practices,” etc.). 

The next step is to build an accepted open software architecture, as well as the associated development processes and tools, which should allow for easily integrating the different functions and ECUs provided by carmakers and third-part suppliers. This is ongoing work in the context of the AUTOSAR project.